Effects of thermal acclimation on the relaxation system of crucian carp white myotomal muscle

1999 ◽  
Vol 284 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matti Vornanen ◽  
Virpi Tiitu ◽  
Reijo K�kel� ◽  
Eija Aho
Keyword(s):  
Crucian Carp ◽  
Thermal Acclimation ◽  
Relaxation System ◽  
Myotomal Muscle

scholarly journals Ca2+-ATPase activity and Ca2+ uptake by sarcoplasmic reticulum in fish heart: effects of thermal acclimation.

1998 ◽  
Vol 201 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Aho ◽  
M Vornanen
Keyword(s):  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Uptake Rate ◽  
Teleost Fish ◽  
Crucian Carp ◽  
Thermal Acclimation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Newborn Rat ◽  
Fish Heart ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Uptake Velocity

This study was designed to compare the activities of sarcoplasmic (SR) Ca2+-ATPase and Ca2+ uptake in fish and mammalian hearts and to determine whether thermal acclimation has any effect on the function of the cardiac SR in fish. To this end, we measured thapsigargin-sensitive Ca2+-ATPase activity and thapsigargin-inhibitable Ca2+ uptake velocity in crude cardiac homogenates of newborn and adult rats and of two teleost fish (crucian carp and rainbow trout) acclimated to low (4 degrees C) and high (17 degrees C and 24 degrees C for trout and carp, respectively) ambient temperatures. The TG-sensitive Ca2+-ATPase activity was highest in adult rat, and the corresponding activities of cold-acclimated trout, warm-acclimated trout, warm-acclimated carp, cold-acclimated carp and newborn rat were 76, 58, 43, 28 and 23 %, respectively, of that of the adult rat at 25 degrees C. SR Ca2+ uptake velocity, measured using Fura-2 at room temperature (approximately 22 degrees C), was highest in cold-acclimated trout, and the values for adult rat, warm-acclimated trout, newborn rat, warm-acclimated carp and cold-acclimated carp were 93, 56, 24, 21 and 14 % of the uptake velocity of cold-acclimated trout, respectively. When corrected to the body temperature of the animal, the relative rates of SR Ca2+ uptake were 100, 26, 19, 18, 11 and 2 % for adult rat, newborn rat, cold-acclimated trout, warm-acclimated trout, warm-acclimated carp and cold-acclimated carp, respectively. These findings show that SR Ca2+ uptake is slower in fish than in mammalian hearts and that marked species-specific differences exist among teleost fish in this respect. Furthermore, acclimation to cold increases the Ca2+ uptake rate of trout cardiac SR (complete thermal compensation) but decreases the SR Ca2+ uptake rate of crucian carp heart. This difference in acclimation response probably reflects the different activity patterns of the two species in their natural habitat during the cold season.

scholarly journals Utilization of the Ethanol Pathway in Carp Following Exposure to Anoxia

1983 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
IAN A. JOHNSTON ◽  
LYNNE M. BERNARD
Keyword(s):  
Common Carp ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Crucian Carp ◽  
Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Progressive Hypoxia ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Glycogen Utilization ◽  
Glycogen Stores ◽  
Myotomal Muscle

1. Crucian carp (Carassius carassius L.) and Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) were subjected to 2h progressive hypoxia followed by up to 6 h anoxia in closed respirometers at 15°C. 2. The concentrations of glycogen, glucose, phosphoryl creatine, alanine, succinate, lactate, ethanol and ammonia were determined in whole Crucian carp following exposure to both hypoxia and anoxia. 3. Ethanol and lactate were the main anaerobic end products. Glycogen utilization during anoxia amounted to 2mmol glucose equivalents.kg wet weight−1 h−1. Around 85% of the ethanol produced (2.8mmolkg−1h−1) was excreted. Lactate accumulation (0.7 mmol kg−1 h−1) was only sufficient to account for 18.5% of the glycogen stores utilized. Ammonia production(0.2 mmol.kg body wt−1 h−1) was independent of the environmental oxygen availability. 4. Ethanol concentrations (μmol.g wetwt−1) were 7 in red myotomal muscle, 4 in white myotomal muscle, and 2 in liver after 6h anoxia. 5. In contrast to Crucian carp, Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) did not produce ethanol at 15°C even after near lethal exposure to anoxia (5–6 h).

scholarly journals L-type Ca2+ current in fish cardiac myocytes: effects of thermal acclimation and beta-adrenergic stimulation.

1998 ◽  
Vol 201 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Vornanen
Keyword(s):  
Adenylate Cyclase ◽  
Crucian Carp ◽  
Ventricular Myocytes ◽  
Cardiac Contractility ◽  
Thermal Acclimation ◽  
Cardiac Cells ◽  
Adrenergic Stimulation ◽  
Beta Adrenergic ◽  
Direct Activation ◽  
Stimulation Of

A patch-clamp analysis of L-type Ca2+ current in ventricular myocytes of cold- and warm-acclimated rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and crucian carp (Carassius carassius) hearts was performed. Trout were acclimated at 4 and 17 degrees C and carp at 4 and 24 degrees C for a minimum of 4 weeks. Ventricular myocytes were isolated by enzymatic dissociation using collagenase and trypsin. Marked species-specific differences were noted in Ca2+ current density and its ss-adrenergic regulation. The density of basal Ca2+ current in crucian carp (6.9-7.4 pA pF-1) was almost double that of trout (4.2-4.5 pA pF-1) ventricular myocytes. Maximal beta-adrenergic stimulation increased Ca2+ current by approximately 2.3-fold in trout but by only 1.4-fold in crucian carp, so that Ca2+ current densities in the presence of 10 micromol l-1 isoprenaline were almost equal in trout (8.6-10.5 pA pF-1) and carp (9.6-10.4 pA pF-1) cardiac cells. Direct activation of adenylate cyclase by forskolin (10 micromol l-1) was also associated with similar interspecies differences in the stimulation of Ca2+ current. Thermal acclimation did not change either the density or the kinetics of L-type Ca2+ current in crucian carp ventricular myocytes. In trout cardiac cells, thermal acclimation had no effects on the density of Ca2+ current, but the rate of current inactivation was accelerated after acclimation to cold temperature. As a consequence of faster current decay, the contribution of sarcolemmal Ca2+ current to total cellular [Ca2+] was smaller in cold-acclimated than in warm-acclimated trout. The responses of Ca2+ current to maximal beta-adrenergic stimulation by isoprenaline or to direct activation of adenylate cyclase by forskolin were not changed by thermal acclimation in either species. It is concluded (1) that the density of sarcolemmal Ca2+ current is not increased after acclimation to cold, (2) that sarcolemmal Ca2+ influx through L-type Ca2+ channels can make a significant contribution to contractile [Ca2+] in both teleost species studied and (3) that ss-adrenergic stimulation of Ca2+ current is more important in modulating cardiac contractility in trout than in carp.

scholarly journals Effect of Season and Temperature Acclimation on the Function of Crucian Carp (Carassius Carassius) Heart

1992 ◽  
Vol 167 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
NINA MATIKAINEN ◽  
MATTI VORNANEN
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Crucian Carp ◽  
Isometric Force ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Temperature Acclimation ◽  
Thermal Acclimation ◽  
Carassius Carassius ◽  
Crucian Carp Carassius Carassius

The temperature dependence of heart rate and isometric contractile properties of cardiac tissue was determined in thermally acclimated crucian carp (Carassius carassius L.). Fish were adapted for more than 3 weeks to 5 and 15°C during both summer and winter. At all but the lowest experimental temperatures, heart rate (fH), maximal isometric force (Fmax) and pumping capacity were higher in summer fish acclimated to 15°C than in winter fish acclimated to 5°C. Except for fH, similar acclimation effects were observed when comparing cold- and warm-acclimated crucian carp in both seasons. In contrast, the kinetics of isometric contraction was not modified either by seasonal acclimatization or by thermal acclimation within a given season: the temperature dependence of time to peak force (TPT) and time to half-relaxation (T1/2R) was independent of the previous thermal history of the fish. The hearts of winter fish were about 10% smaller than those of summer fish. These results show that acclimation to cold does not induce positive compensatory changes in function or size of crucian carp heart, as happens in many other teleost fishes. Instead, an inverse or noncompensatory acclimation was found. Owing to the inverse thermal acclimation, in winter (at 4°C) the contractile performance of the crucian carp heart is less than one-third of that in summer (at 20°C). The low cardiac activity in cold-acclimated crucian carp seems to be associated with its inactive life style, which is necessary during the winter months to minimize energy consumption in a severely hypoxic environment. Note: To whom reprint requests should be addressed.

Structure and Dynamics of Crucians’ Settlements (Cypriniformes, Carassius) in Water Systems of Eastern Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-284
Author(s):  
S. V. Mezhzherin ◽  
A. V. Kulish ◽  
S. V. Kokodiy
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Crucian Carp ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Numerous Species ◽  
Extinct Species ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Competitive Relations

Abstract The analysis of present-day crucians’ settlements in water systems of Eastern Ukraine designated the predominance of the digeneous Goldfish, C. auratus, in the region, the number of which made 78.7 %, from the total number of the examined representatives of the genus. The second group consists of gynogenetic Prussian carps, C. gibelio (14.3 %); it is represented by the clone biotype and recombinant individuals. Crucian carp, C. carassius (3.6 %), turned out to be rare and its number did not exceed the number of the caught hybrids C. auratus × C. carassius (3.4 %). The retrospective analysis of literature data and museum collections gave an opportunity to describe the changes in species composition of the genus which took place during the last 150 years. Within this period the crucian carp, which used to be the single and most common representative of genus Carassius (Jarocki, 1822) in the region, became nearly an extinct species. In the meanwhile the representatives of the group of species of Prussian carps, C. auratus + C. gibelio, which appeared in the region in the late 1960s, rapidly increased their number and became the most numerous fish of the Eastern Ukraine. The discovered tendency is not unique for the researched region; in general it reflects the European tendency for the crucian species. The reasons for that are rivers’ regulation and destruction of bottomland ecosystems. The secondary factors for the elimination of C. carassius are the competitive relations of individuals representing both species and easy hybridization, during which the more numerous species C. auratus absorbs the rare C. carassius.

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